Sabtu, 08 Januari 2011

Ebook Free The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, by Daina Ramey Berry

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The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, by Daina Ramey Berry

The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, by Daina Ramey Berry


The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, by Daina Ramey Berry


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The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, by Daina Ramey Berry

Review

“Berry’s groundbreaking work in the historiography of American slavery deserves a wide readership beyond academia.”—Publishers Weekly, Starred Review“In this sharp, affecting study, Berry reminds us of the cold calculus at the intersection of slavery and capitalism...A well-researched, effectively presented piece of scholarship that forthrightly confronts slavery’s brute essence.”—Kirkus Reviews“...highly readable and addressing the most heartbreaking and starkly gruesome aspects of slavery.”—Library Journal“With The Price for Their Pound of Flesh, Berry is now seen as a breakthrough writer who completed the herculean task of filling in the blanks of one of the darkest episodes in American history.”—Essence Magazine“Brings to light the gruesome history of the desecration and dissection of black bodies after death, especially by professors of anatomy in American colleges and medical schools.”—Adam Rothman (professor of history at Georgetown University), American Historical Review“A brilliant resurrection of the forgotten people who gave their lives to build our country. Rigorously researched and powerfully told, this book tallies the human price paid for the nation we now live in and restores these unrecognized Americans—their hopes, loves, and disregarded dreams—to their rightful place in history. Searing, revelatory, and vital to understanding our nation’s inequities.”—Isabel Wilkerson, author of The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America’s Great Migration“Daina Ramey Berry’s harrowing account of how slaveholders turned every aspect of a slave’s life into a commodity to be sold on markets—from the reproductive possibilities of enslaved women to the corpses of deceased slaves—is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding American history, or our contemporary dilemmas. Reading The Price for Their Pound of Flesh will leave you with an overwhelming sense of sadness, but also with great anger that we are still failing to fully overcome this history’s legacy.”—Sven Beckert, author of Empire of Cotton: A Global History“Daina Berry has written the richest account of the many ways in which an enslaved African American’s body was bought and sold throughout her or his lifetime. From the cradle to the grave and beyond, enslavers priced black bodies based on their imagined fitness for labor, sexual exploitation, use as collateral, and even their value after death as dissection cadavers. In horrific detail, Berry shows that there was a price tag placed on every pound of flesh. She also shows the efforts of enslaved people to assert that their lives had values beyond the money that could be rendered from their muscles and extracted from their bones. Out of the certainty that their souls were pearls beyond price, black people fought to make room for their own system of human values.”—Edward E. Baptist, author of The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism

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About the Author

Daina Ramey Berry is an associate professor of history and African and African diaspora studies, and the Oliver H. Radkey Regents Fellow in History, at the University of Texas at Austin. An award-winning historian, she is also a Distinguished Lecturer for the Organization of American Historians. She lives in Austin, Texas.

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Product details

Paperback: 256 pages

Publisher: Beacon Press; Reprint edition (December 26, 2017)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0807067148

ISBN-13: 978-0807067147

Product Dimensions:

6 x 0.8 x 9 inches

Shipping Weight: 15.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.6 out of 5 stars

34 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#25,381 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

In a nutshell, this book delves into the economic value, and commodification of enslaved people (unborn, alive, and dead) in the building of our nation, the United States. Daina Berry delves deep into the archive to give birth to this ground breaking project based on primary records to show that enslaved people were valued way before they were born and long after they had died. She spent over 10 years researching through a miscellany of archives (insurance records, court documents, slave sales' rosters, and estate records, deeds, and wills, among a wide variety of other sources --(in a large number of archives) to show the value placed on enslaved people. Her work also emphasizes the value that enslaved people, themselves understood, felt, and used to view and own their individual self, their worth, and their empowerment. TThe author coins the term soul value, an unprecedented term that she utilizes to highlight --and to a certain extent measure and perhaps evaluate-- the force through which enslaved people felt their own worth, acknowledged and exercised their agency, a value that went beyond their economic worth. She introduces enslaved women, men and children, who lived their lives on their own accord, even when, in order to do that, they chose to take their own lives. This is a fascinating historical account on enslaved life and slave resistance that re-defines slave value, price, and enslaved empowerment.This simply, is a fantastic book that everyone should read beyond the historian, and/or history buff.

Daina Ramey Berry is a the type of historian that we have been waiting for seemingly forever. I’ve had the pleasure of both hearing her speak in person and have now finished reading her book. Her book is not for the weary because the facts she presents therein will haunt you. She asks, “What do we make of the legacy of souls and ghosts in circulation?” For those of us who are the descendants of the enslaved, we now know the truth of how our ancestors were valued before they were born, throughout every stage of their lives, and after. To read this book is to be left haunted by the ugly truth of slavery. For far too long, historians have neglected to tell the truth about what enslaved people endured which contributed to the denial of their basic humanity. Now, we know the truth and it’s a truth that can never be denied as Ramey Berry shows receipt after receipt. In addition, Rainey Berry has given rise to a new generation of historic truth tellers.This book should be read in conjunction with her former student, Sowande Mustakeem’s Slavery at Sea. Both books are crucial to understanding slavery and how the enslaved were treated from beginning to end. Now that I know the truth, I will continue to exalt the legacy of all those souls and ghosts in circulation. We are survivors of slavery and our ancestors had “soul value.” Thank you, Daina Ramey Berry for your groundbreaking book and inspiring others to follow in your footsteps.

Daina Berry has written a book that brings the tragedy of slavery to life. While emphasizing the monetary values of slaves at different stages in life, she explains the person story of a variety of people subjected to this evil. It is well researched and well written.

The commodification of every aspect of enslaved people's lives spanned the entire lifecourse - starting before birth and extending beyond their death.Monetarily values varied according to age, gender, ability to work and health status. Trafficking flourished throughout all eras of the slave trade - from the Middle Passage through the Civil War and beyond.Actuarial tables were generated by insurance companies to precisely estimate the value of those who were enslaved as well as the value of their unborn children. Owners of enslaved individuals could thus insure the value of their human "property".Ramey Berry vividly describes the economic aspects of enslavement as the cruel, unjust and heinous practices that shaped our nation.

Professor Berry has provided an important study of both the way in which slaves were valued at sale and the impact on the slaves of being sold as property. Little information has been available in either area, in part because of the difficulty in finding records and in part because of an apparent aversion by historians to the subject matter. The book is an important addition to pre-Civil War American History. Understanding more about that period helps in understanding of Jim Crow America, as well.

Dr. Ramey Berry is absolutely wonderful. I was lucky enough to see her speak about the book, and I bought it after the talk and took it home and read it immediately! The book offers a lot to think about, and sheds a new light on the lives of enslaved people. It's incredibly well informed and well researched-- it's clear that Dr. Ramey Berry is not just brilliant, but incredibly passionate about the work as well.

Such tragedy, such sorrow. This work should be taught in schools to help whites understand the horrors American blacks faced under slavery

This historical investigation has already given me the insight of what happened to the enslaved people in the period of enslavement; life and death for the enslaved were dehumanizing and profitable for the enslaver.

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Kamis, 30 Desember 2010

Download Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants

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Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants

Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants


Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants


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Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants

Product details

Series: Mosby's Essentials for Nursing Assistants

Paperback: 600 pages

Publisher: Mosby; 6 edition (March 12, 2018)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9780323523929

ISBN-13: 978-0323523929

ASIN: 0323523927

Product Dimensions:

8 x 0.5 x 11 inches

Shipping Weight: 2.7 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.5 out of 5 stars

72 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#193,727 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

too much mistakes!this book could be better. look at the sample answers for chapter 8 alone. i have found more while reading it! the cost of this book is way too much for the mistakes.the content is however more than sufficient for the review but watch out for the mistakes!

Used for my 6-week CNA class. Didn't really use this book. I used the other more due to us doing hands on skills most of the course. Loved my teacher at HCC! This is a book for extra help. I am not sure if you'll use it during your class, but I didn't. Did help me on practice written test questions for the final though!

It is what I had to get for school. Nothing more but I like having it on phone makes it easier to carry around.

A lot of outdated science and methods. Not organized in the most usable manner. Much better tools are available, but this is sadly the required text for the course.

This book is easy reading and understandable. The colored pictures and detailed. A lot of information for Certified Nursing Assistance or to jump start a career in Nursing to be ahead of the game. Or, if you are just interested in the human body. Head first and enjoy

I literally use this book every day for CNA school. Highly recommend to anyone whose going into school to become a CNA. Also keep the little index cards it comes with they really help!

It is understandable book. Even though, I don' t like study; however, it encouraged me that this textbook gave me motivatin.

I loved this workbook! I used it for my Nursing Assistant Training. I found the questions and scenarios very helpful. Would highly recommend this for Nursing students.

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Rabu, 24 November 2010

Download I Spy Little Animals: A Book of Picture Riddles, by Jean Marzollo Walter Wick

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I Spy Little Animals: A Book of Picture Riddles, by Jean Marzollo Walter Wick

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I Spy Little Animals: A Book of Picture Riddles, by Jean Marzollo Walter Wick


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I Spy Little Animals: A Book of Picture Riddles, by Jean Marzollo Walter Wick

About the Author

Award-winning author Jean Marzollo was the author of over 100 books, including the bestselling I Spy series; Help Me Learn Numbers 0-20; Help Me Learn Addition; Help Me Learn Subtraction; Pierre the Penguin; Soccer Sam; Happy Birthday, Martin Luther King; The Little Plant Doctor; In 1776; Mama Mama/Papa Papa; and I Am Water; as well as books for parents and teachers, such as The New Kindergarten.Walter Wick is the photographer of the international bestselling I Spy series as well as the author and photographer of the acclaimed Can You See What I See? series. He lives with his wife, Linda, in Miami Beach, Florida.

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Product details

Age Range: 2 - 3 years

Grade Level: Preschool and up

Series: I Spy

Board book: 26 pages

Publisher: Cartwheel; Brdbk edition (March 1, 1998)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0590117114

ISBN-13: 978-0590117111

Product Dimensions:

5 x 0.8 x 6.2 inches

Shipping Weight: 7.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.3 out of 5 stars

543 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#66,839 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I read the reviews that this was easy... but it really is simple. There are only two things to find on each page. I bought this for a barely-2-year-old and this book offered no challenge...This book would be probably be best for introducing the concept of the book to younger than 2 years old or kiddos with short attention spans that won't be interested in sitting long enough to find more items I'm very glad I didn't go nuts and buy a ton of these beginner I Spy books.

This is one in a series of one of the best children's books available. They begin with a young child's abilities and grow to capture the curiosity and persistence of an adult sleuth dedicated to solving the problem. The idea is to locate items on a page of colorful and intricate designs, becoming more detailed and complicated as the series progresses. I used these books with all three of my children from their early toddler years onward. We would lie down together and "compete" to find the spool of thread, or the birthday candle or the daisy chain, and this was so much fun that we continued in these quests even into and beyond their college years on their visits home. The intricacy grows with the child.

These smaller I Spy books are just cropped parts of the full I Spy books. Just buy the big ones and do age specific things with your kids instead of limiting the longevity of your book. My 2.5 year old loves I Spy books but this easy version never gets asked for.

We have 3 “I spy” mini books from Chick-fil-a. They are fun as my 3 (now 4) year old has loved them. I thought this larger version would be great and better since it’s normal book size.It is not great. A one year old might enjoy “finding” the huge thing that is right in front of your face.Also the picture quality is t as good as the mini books. Very disappointing.

The description says that it’s for up to five year olds, but honestly, this book is fit for two and three year olds. 4 & 5 year olds are quick enough for the original i spy’s. I wà disappointed by this book but we love the original series.

The riddles in this book are extremely easy. There are two or three items to find per picture, and the items are often the largest thing on the page. My 2 year old daughter spent no more than five seconds looking for any object. She had fun, but she found everything in the book in just a few minutes and as the pictures are extremely simple, there's hardly an reason to go back and look at them again.

Great books! I bought this one for Christmas for my 2 year old. We already had I Spy Letters and she loved that one, so it was a safe bet. We read through the story but she also points to all the other pictures and learns lots of new words. She's learning tons of new words through these books! Highly recommend.

The I Spy books were one of the first books my children bought at the school book fair and we would all look at them together. When they grew up and moved out they took their I Spy books with them as a memory keepsake. Now I am collecting them for my grandchildren who also are enjoying them! I try to buy them based on theme around a special day. My grandson is starting kindergarten so this is one of his birthday gifts.

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Selasa, 09 November 2010

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Publication Date: May 30, 2018

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#664,429 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)

This book is really great for trying authentic Chinese food. I have never cooked true Chinese food before, and this book helped me to make some amazing food that we'll be making for years! The best part (besides the awesome recipes) is that there is a section at the beginning that explains some of the ingredients that aren't known to western culture, and show where they can be bought. This sometimes even includes links to where they can be bought on Amazon if available.I'd highly recommend this book to anyone looking for authentic Chinese food recipes that contain authentic ingredients, and is great for helping you find those ingredients.

Just bought. I saw some of the recipes they released to whet appetites. Whet? I was drooling!I can't wait to try most of the other recipes. So many!I love the bonus section on the History of Chinese food. The family history and background As well as in depth explanations of the ingredients and cooking tips!Bon Appétit!Thanks (Xie Xie) for publishing this cookbook. This cookbook should be on the shelves of every chef ( or wannabe Chef like me) who loves Chinese food!

I am not big on cooking and I have never cooked homemade Chinese food myself. Until I bought this book. The recipes were easy to read and execute. I would have liked a couple more that were more simple in ingredients and steps but then again some others may love it exactly how it is. The taste was awesome and it even looked pretty at times! Over all, this is a great book if you want to learn how to cook Chinese food at your home.

I used to think that Chinese recipes were too complicated. Jenny's book was very helpful, gave me more insight and I plan on trying several more of her recipes.

I just read through the whole recipe book and I'm excited to make some authentic Chinese food. The layout and recipe instructions are easy to follow. I particularly liked the helpful section "important ingredient directions" It explains the most common ingredients and shows you where to find them!

Outstanding book from an American living in China!

I really admire the author's work here. I think they did a great job in relating a variety of Chinese dishes in an easy to follow format. Unlike some recipes that call for exotic recipes, most of these can be done by anyone.

Easy to use and well laid out. Good recipes.

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Minggu, 31 Oktober 2010

Free PDF Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau

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Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau

Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau


Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau


Free PDF Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau

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Me, Again: How Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Transformed My Life, by Bridget Croteau

Product details

Paperback: 141 pages

Publisher: Bridget Croteau (October 16, 2018)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0692199187

ISBN-13: 978-0692199183

Product Dimensions:

5.5 x 0.3 x 8.5 inches

Shipping Weight: 5.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

5.0 out of 5 stars

2 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#988,732 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

I loved this book! What an honest and easy to read account of one woman’s story. It was wonderful to read her account of her experiences with two different births/postpartum experiences. Well done!

An honest, powerful true story of one mother's journey with dealing with postpartum depression after the birth of her children. Every mother shouldread about the struggles and the hopethat this mother finally found. Very well written and quick read.Jo De Angelo

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Jumat, 22 Oktober 2010

PDF Ebook Disney Princess Beginnings: Cinderella Takes the Stage (Disney Princess) (A Stepping Stone Book(TM)), by Tessa Roehl

PDF Ebook Disney Princess Beginnings: Cinderella Takes the Stage (Disney Princess) (A Stepping Stone Book(TM)), by Tessa Roehl

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Disney Princess Beginnings: Cinderella Takes the Stage (Disney Princess) (A Stepping Stone Book(TM)), by Tessa Roehl

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Disney Princess Beginnings: Cinderella Takes the Stage (Disney Princess) (A Stepping Stone Book(TM)), by Tessa Roehl


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Disney Princess Beginnings: Cinderella Takes the Stage (Disney Princess) (A Stepping Stone Book(TM)), by Tessa Roehl

Product details

Age Range: 6 - 9 years

Grade Level: 1 - 4

Lexile Measure: 650L (What's this?)

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Series: A Stepping Stone Book(TM)

Paperback: 128 pages

Publisher: RH/Disney; Dgs edition (January 3, 2017)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0736435786

ISBN-13: 978-0736435789

Product Dimensions:

5.2 x 0.4 x 7.6 inches

Shipping Weight: 5 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.9 out of 5 stars

28 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#19,164 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

My 3 year old daughter loves this story! It’s a great bedtime reading. This story talks about friendship and to not judge a person from their appearance. She also enjoys the princess beginning stories for Ariel and Belle.Ariel’s story talks about realizing who you are is GREAT and feeling confident in yourself.Belle’s story talks about the magic of reading and how to fit in with the friends while embracing the differences that make you special.Plus, all of these books include several whimsical color drawings throughout the story. Which helps bring them to life for children.Side note: I bought Cinderella through Amazon. I bought Belle and Ariel at a local book store.

Purchase Arielle, Belle and Cinderella. Two of the books are the same size and the third one is slightly larger, so they don't all match in size, which you think they would being in the same series. Other than that, they seem to be a great product for the price.

Excellently written with a charming story and cute illustrations. Perfect for teaching little girls to be strong and kind to others.

My 7 year old daughter really enjoys these books and was thrilled to get more for Christmas. They are fun little stories about the princesses when they were younger and are great to read together.

This book is part of the Disney Princess Beginnings set. They are very enjoyable and easy for young readers to read. Each book has a lesson and nice pictures. Our family reads them together and each child helps read.

My 7 year old loves this Disney Princess Beginnings series. She's loved every one she's read and enjoys imagining what the princesses were like as children.

My daughter loves thee books. She started reading them at 5.5 and it was a little bit of a challenge and now she's 6 and reading through them with no problem. They are perfect for beginner readers!

These are great stories and have a good words to pictures balance for emerging readers.

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Sabtu, 09 Oktober 2010

Free PDF Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

Free PDF Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

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Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History


Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History


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Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

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Audible Audiobook

Listening Length: 8 hours and 20 minutes

Program Type: Audiobook

Version: Unabridged

Publisher: Tantor Audio

Audible.com Release Date: September 13, 2016

Whispersync for Voice: Ready

Language: English, English

ASIN: B01L802EVI

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

Bearing False Witness by Rodney StarkI’ve been addressing anti-Catholic tropes on the internet for the last twenty years. When I started, I honestly believed that these accusations were supported by fact, or, even, if not totally accurate, were substantially accurate. My particular forte of late has been the slander that the Catholic Church supported Hitler and the Nazis. By going past the books that everyone is reading into the books written by those involved in the “Church Struggle,” I have established that the modern view is a total distortion of the facts. Germans, Europeans and the world knew that the Catholic Church was completely opposed to National Socialism for a variety of reasons, including its exaltation of nation and race over God as the supreme good. I have newspaper articles from the New York Times that demonstrate that the German Catholic bishops repeatedly condemned National Socialism from 1923 through 1945. The German Catholic Bishops excommunicated Nazi party members. Catholic electoral districts did not vote for the Nazis at anywhere near the rate of Protestant districts. The Nazis lumped “political Catholicism” in with international Bolshevism and international Judaism as one of its three great enemies. These points are not opinions or apologetics; they are facts.Yet, I repeatedly am shown pictures of purported Catholic priests – who are often Lutheran – performing the Hitler salute – which was required on penalty of imprisonment - and told that Catholics made National Socialism possible.Needless to say, my interlocutors are as ignorant as a box of rocks, and yet they are arrogant with the arrogance that only indoctrination into an unshakable belief can give.Weird and insidious.Stark’s recent book is an effort to shake this modern faith. This is not a work of Catholic apologetics. Stark is not a Catholic. It is, rather, a different kind of “apologetics.” It is a work of “historical apologetics.” Stark reveals as his conclusion that his purpose is nothing less than to defend history, which has become distorted by ignorance and political ideology, and encrusted generations of bigotry, to create the “perfect storm” of ignorance, and a dangerous ignorance since rejecting Catholic history effectively paves the way for rejecting Western History and Western values. Stark’s approach is to state the conventional wisdom of Catholic duplicity or evil and then point out with simple facts how false the conventional wisdom is in root and branch. Candidly, for a reader who has read Stark’s other books, much of this is a rehash, but this book is useful in collecting the many false tropes in one source, and he does offer additional and new insights. The topics that Stark covers are Antisemitism, the non-canonical gospels, persecution of pagans, the Dark Ages, the Crusades, the Inquisition, religion and the rise of science, slavery, the Catholic Church and fascism, and the Catholic Church's alleged social stagnation. In very simple and clear statements of data, Stark debunks the myths. This is not to say that Catholicism has never done anything wrong, but Stark absolves it of guilt for the grossest crimes it has been repeatedly accused of.This book should be required reading at a high school or college level simply out of fairness for the years of defamation. Also, it would advance the project of knowing the truth, which education supposedly has as its goal. The lay reader would undoubtedly have one of two reactions. The reaction of many, unfortunately, would be denial because the facts don’t fit the myths. The second, more hopeful reaction, might be “mind-blowing” as the imagined past is replaced by the actual past.For someone who has mastered the facts, the more interesting question is “why?” Why is it that in the space of 80 years, Catholicism went from the undisputed opponent of the Nazis to its putative handmaiden?Stark points to a number of factors. One factor is the burden of history. Protestantism, particularly Protestant England, waged a “cold war” against various Catholic powers, including Spain and France, and made much use of the “black arts” of propaganda. Once the “Black Legend” had been launched into the universe, it has been impossible to eliminate from the essentially Anglophone world. This traditional Protestant propaganda has merged with an ideological stream that is either anti-religious or secular leftist:“Although Gibbon was one of the very first “distinguished bigots,” he is in excellent company— the list of celebrated, anti-Catholic scholars (some of them still living) is long indeed. We will meet scores of them in subsequent chapters, some of them many times. Worse yet, in recent years some of the most malignant contributions to anti-Catholic history have been made by alienated Catholics, many of whom are seminary dropouts, former priests, or ex-nuns, such as John Cornwell, James Carroll, and Karen Armstrong. Normally, attacks originating with defectors from a particular group are treated with some circumspection. But, attacks on the Church made by “lapsed” Catholics are widely regarded as thereby of special reliability!”Stark doesn’t mention the theory of the former Romanian spy chief, General Ion Mihai Pacepa, that Soviet Union engaged in its own “black arts” of propaganda in crafting its own “Black Legend” that indoctrinated millions into believing that Pope Pius XII was a Nazi sympathizer. [See Disinformation: Former Spy Chief Reveals Secret Strategies for Undermining Freedom, Attacking Religion, and Promoting Terrorism.] For all of his interest in Sociology, Stark doesn’t offer an explanation as to why these streams have merged, endured, and been accepted by so many. It may seem obvious to Stark, who grew up breathing in anti-Catholicism with his Lutheran mother’s milk, but it does seem that modern anti-Catholicism is different from the prior kind insofar as it has such an appeal to Catholics, who may be finding themselves identifying more with ideology or nation than faith.The hopeful sign is that the pressure from the outside, from the “distinguished bigots” who more and more are not distinguishing between Catholic and Protestant, is pushing Catholic and Protestant closer. Stark points out that the ecumenism in his own university, Baylor – a traditionally Bible-Belt Baptist institution – has grown to an extent unimaginable when he started teaching.For myself, I will offer my own sociological insight: I think that traditionally anti-Catholic Protestants have learned that anti-Catholicism is a luxury they can no longer afford. It was once possible to enjoy a book that depicted Catholicism as corrupt and criminal, but when Dan Brown’s execrable “The Da Vinci Code” came out and provided pop pabulum history that a basic Christian doctrine like the divinity of Jesus had been adopted by a vote on the slimmest margin – a lie – Protestants began to understand that the Catholic limb they had been sawing on was the limb they were sitting on. Likewise, Protestants have seen attacks on the Crusades turned into attacks on Western Christianity generally. The dark art of propaganda is easily turned.And, then, there has been the intellectual damage done to scholarship as propaganda becomes the coin of the academic realm and scholarship is judged by how it fits the narrative rather than how it fits the facts.Let’s hope that Stark is successful in his project.

Like most American Protestants and secularists, I grew up believing that the Catholic Church was single-handedly responsible for 90% of the bad things that have happened since Jesus ascended... Anti-Semitic Behavior? Check. Pushing Europe into the Dark Ages? Check. Leading the Crusades? Check. Starting an Inquisition? Check. Hindering Scientific Progress? Check.This isn't exactly the kind of resumé that any organization, much less a church, wants to have. And yet it's been common knowledge that, had the Catholic Church never come on the scene, Europe would have experienced much more peace and prosperity over the past two-thousand years.But what if none of that is true?In his latest book, Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History, Rodney Stark argues that things are not at all as they seem to be.But wait! Before you brush all of this off as a piece of revisionist history from an overly-enthusiastic Catholic historian, you should know that Rodney Stark is neither Catholic nor part of any Catholic university. He grew up as a Lutheran (he never describes his current religious beliefs) and teaches at one of the largest Southern Baptist Universities in the world. Stark is no Roman Catholic apologist. As he writes in the introduction, "I am not a Roman Catholic, and I did not write this book in defense of the Church. I wrote it in defense of history."The thesis-thread that Stark weaves throughout this work is rather simple: Much accepted history has been written by opponents of Catholicism in particular, and religion in general, as a result, they've cherry-picked much of their history to make Roman Catholicism appear much worse than it actually was.Rather than write a narrative that works through the entire history of the church, correcting errors where they've previously been reported, Stark attempts to debunk ten myths (or truth-stretching) regarding the Catholic Church's role in history. These include: a history of anti-semitism, the suppression of other gospels, persecuting peaceful pagans out of existence, leading Europe into the Dark Ages, crusading to line the coffers of the church, the Spanish and Roman Inquisitions, executing scientific heretics, looking the other way on (and even sanctifying) slavery, supporting authoritarian governments, and holding Europe back from entering modernity.Each chapter begins with the conventional history, complete with Catholicism (or perhaps the pope or some bishop) as the villain. Once the traditional telling has been recounted, Stark turns it on its head by examining the evidence (some of which has only recently been discovered or closely inspected) and showing the reader that often, that traditional telling has been very wrong. Each chapter also includes a list of leading scholars whose work influenced Stark's arguments. This is incredibly helpful for anyone who wants to fact-check Stark and trace his arguments to their sources. In addition, there are 21 pages of notes and bibliography/recommended reading - that's nearly 10% of the entire book. It should be obvious that Stark has done his homework.As I read, there were a number of things that utterly shocked me. For example, did you know that the era known as the Dark Ages is a complete myth? According to his research, "serious historians have known for decades that this scheme is a complete fraud - 'an indestructible fossil of self-congratulatory Renaissance humanism.'" Many of the leading voices of the Enlightenment were both anti-Catholic and anti-religion. They worked to paint the progress that took place during their era as being birthed due to religion's shackles being thrown off. But the facts simply don't back that up. Many advances were made during the so-called Dark Ages in a variety of fields and Stark gives a brief overview of them. The so-called Enlightenment was an outgrowth of what had been going on for generations in Catholic monasteries and universities.Likewise, you may be surprised to find out that the Spanish Inquisition led to relatively few deaths and "maintained unusually decent prisons." Or you may find it hard to believe that the Crusades were a series of wars that were largely fought to protect Christian pilgrims as they made their way to the Holy Land. Or it may be shocking to learn that the Church helped abolish slavery in Europe (for the first time) in the eleventh century.I know, I know. Some of you are probably thinking that I've drunk the kool-aid of Catholic propaganda. But it isn't so. Neither I nor Stark believe that the Catholic Church has been without her sins. Stark recognizes that there have been very bad popes, bishops, cardinals, and Catholics. His argument is not that the Catholic Church is a church without spot or wrinkle. His argument is simply that much of the history we've imbibed regarding Catholicism has been poisoned by opponents of religion and Catholicism. With that said, I do feel as though there are places where Stark may be doing the same thing he accuses his opponents of doing - focusing on the good of Catholicism with only a brief paragraph or two about her sins. But this could be because this work is seeking to provide balance to a very one-sided argument. Over all though, the evidence seems to point to Stark's thesis being true.Like Stark, I'm not a Catholic and I'm not interested in defending the Catholic Church. But I am interested in defending and believing the truth.And the truth will stand up to scrutiny no matter what opposition it faces.It's time we examine the evidence more closely regarding what sins Catholicism may or may not be guilty of - lest we find ourselves guilty of Bearing False Witness.May we seek the Truth above all.

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